FocusGiving, prayer, and fasting
Connection to the wholeJesus contrasts seeking human praise with devotion directed toward the Father, including forgiveness within His teaching on prayer.
interpretation Matthew 6:12
KJVAnd forgive us our debts, as we forgive our debtors.
Read it in context
Devotion before God
Start reading at Matthew 6:1 (Matthew 6:1 to Matthew 6:18).
An editorial reading unit, not a claim that the surrounding context stops here. Book background below applies to the shared passage; individual verses may need more specific explanation.
Jesus contrasts seeking human praise with devotion directed toward the Father, including forgiveness within His teaching on prayer.
- 6:1 Take heed that ye do not your alms before men, to be seen of them: otherwise ye have no reward of your Father which is in heaven.
- 6:2 Therefore when thou doest thine alms, do not sound a trumpet before thee, as the hypocrites do in the synagogues and in the streets, that they may have glory of men. Verily I say unto you, They have their reward.
- 6:3 But when thou doest alms, let not thy left hand know what thy right hand doeth:
- 6:4 That thine alms may be in secret: and thy Father which seeth in secret himself shall reward thee openly.
- 6:5 And when thou prayest, thou shalt not be as the hypocrites are: for they love to pray standing in the synagogues and in the corners of the streets, that they may be seen of men. Verily I say unto you, They have their reward.
- 6:6 But thou, when thou prayest, enter into thy closet, and when thou hast shut thy door, pray to thy Father which is in secret; and thy Father which seeth in secret shall reward thee openly.
- 6:7 But when ye pray, use not vain repetitions, as the heathen do: for they think that they shall be heard for their much speaking.
- 6:8 Be not ye therefore like unto them: for your Father knoweth what things ye have need of, before ye ask him.
- 6:9 After this manner therefore pray ye: Our Father which art in heaven, Hallowed be thy name.
- 6:10 Thy kingdom come. Thy will be done in earth, as it is in heaven.
- 6:11 Give us this day our daily bread.
- 6:12 And forgive us our debts, as we forgive our debtors.
- 6:13 And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil: For thine is the kingdom, and the power, and the glory, for ever. Amen.
- 6:14 For if ye forgive men their trespasses, your heavenly Father will also forgive you:
- 6:15 But if ye forgive not men their trespasses, neither will your Father forgive your trespasses.
- 6:16 Moreover when ye fast, be not, as the hypocrites, of a sad countenance: for they disfigure their faces, that they may appear unto men to fast. Verily I say unto you, They have their reward.
- 6:17 But thou, when thou fastest, anoint thine head, and wash thy face;
- 6:18 That thou appear not unto men to fast, but unto thy Father which is in secret: and thy Father, which seeth in secret, shall reward thee openly.
Who
- Who wrote the book? Matthew the apostle and tax collector is the author named by early church tradition. This is the historic attribution, not a personal signature in the Gospel. Biblical references: Matthew 9:9; Matthew 10:3. Historical source: Irenaeus, Against Heresies 3.1.1; Anchor Bible Dictionary, Matthew, Gospel of. traditionally held
- Who was present or being addressed in this passage? In the surrounding chapter context (Matthew 5:1–7:29): Jesus teaches His disciples with the crowds also hearing the Sermon on the Mount. Matthew 5:1-2 identifies the disciples approaching Him; 7:28 records the crowds' response. stated in the text
- Who was the book written to? A Christian readership deeply familiar with Israel's Scriptures, commonly understood as substantially Jewish in background but also concerned with the Gentile mission. A particular congregation or city is not certain. Biblical references: Matthew 1:1; Matthew 5:17; Matthew 28:19. Historical source: Anchor Bible Dictionary, Matthew, Gospel of. book background
What
- What is the topic of this reading unit? Devotion before God. Read Matthew 6:1 through Matthew 6:18 as a connected unit. interpretation
- How does it contribute to the book? Jesus contrasts seeking human praise with devotion directed toward the Father, including forgiveness within His teaching on prayer. interpretation
When
- When are the events or message set? The narrative moves from Jesus' ancestry and birth through His ministry, death, resurrection, and commission. The Gospel does not state a modern calendar date for its composition. book background
Where
- What is the book’s geographic setting? The narrative includes Bethlehem, Egypt, Nazareth, Galilee, journeys, and Jerusalem. A discourse or parable can describe places other than where Jesus is speaking. book background
- Where does the context start? This passage sits in Devotion before God (Matthew 6:1 to Matthew 6:18). Start reading at Matthew 6:1. An editorial reading unit, not a claim that the surrounding context stops here. Book background below applies to the shared passage; individual verses may need more specific explanation.
How
- How does this book connect with Jesus Christ? Jesus is the central figure. Matthew identifies Him as Emmanuel, explains His saving mission, and concludes with His authority and commission. Read each teaching with its original listeners and its place in the narrative. See Matthew 1:21, Matthew 1:23, Matthew 28:18, Matthew 28:19. interpretation
- How should this book guide our response? Join hearing Jesus' words with doing them. Distinguish instructions to named disciples on a particular mission from a general application, and keep conditions and warnings alongside promises. interpretation
Cited: Matthew 6:1, Matthew 6:18, Matthew 1:21, Matthew 1:23, Matthew 28:18, Matthew 28:19
Who wrote it, and how we know
Matthew (Levi), the apostle
From early tradition
What Scripture saysThe book does not name its author.
Early traditionEarly church testimony names Matthew the apostle, notably Papias in the early second century and Irenaeus later.
What is debatedThe name is not in the text. The titles were attached early but are not part of the original writing.
Related passages
- forgive Exod 34:7 1 Kgs 8:30,34,39,50 Ps 32:1 Ps 130:4 Isa 1:18 Dan 9:19 Acts 13:38 Eph 1:7
- debts Matt 18:21-27,34 Luke 7:40-48 Luke 11:4
- as Matt 6:14-15 Matt 18:21-22,28-35 Neh 5:12-13 Mark 11:25-26 Luke 6:37 Luke 17:3-5 Eph 4:32 Col 3:13
Cross references from CrossReferences-org (CC BY 4.0).
Macro-Structure
See how this passage fits the chapter and the book.
Matthew 6
This Gospel presents Jesus in relation to Israel's Scriptures and follows His teaching, death, resurrection, and commission. It does not name a specific original recipient. Read individual sayings within their narrative and discourse settings. This chapter continues the Sermon on the Mount begun in Matthew 5 and completed in Matthew 7.
Matthew 1:1 Matthew 28:18 Matthew 28:19 Matthew 28:20
Treasure and allegiance
Matthew 6:19–24FocusAn undivided heart
Connection to the wholeThe teaching moves from public religious conduct to inward loyalties, culminating in the impossibility of serving God and mammon.
interpretation Freedom from anxious pursuit
Matthew 6:25–34FocusSeeking God's kingdom
Connection to the wholeJesus calls His hearers to trust God's care and seek His kingdom, continuing the contrast between earthly preoccupation and faithful allegiance.
interpretation Suggested literary divisions. Headings summarize the passage; they are not part of the biblical text.
Matthew
This Gospel presents Jesus in relation to Israel's Scriptures and follows His teaching, death, resurrection, and commission. It does not name a specific original recipient. Read individual sayings within their narrative and discourse settings.
Matthew 1:1 Matthew 28:18 Matthew 28:19 Matthew 28:20
The promised Messiah introduced
Matthew 1:1–4:16FocusOrigins and preparation
Connection to the wholeThe genealogy, birth, baptism, and temptation establish Jesus' identity and mission before His public preaching expands.
interpretation FocusMinistry and the mountain discourse
Connection to the wholeJesus announces the kingdom, calls disciples, and teaches the righteousness and obedience that characterize His hearers' response.
interpretation Authority and mission
Matthew 8:1–10:42FocusWorks of mercy and sent disciples
Connection to the wholeHealings and other mighty works display Jesus' authority; He then commissions disciples and prepares them for opposition.
interpretation Responses to the kingdom
Matthew 11:1–13:58FocusOpposition, revelation, and parables
Connection to the wholeContrasting responses to Jesus lead into parables that explain hearing, growth, judgment, and the kingdom's value.
interpretation Following the Messiah
Matthew 14:1–18:35FocusIdentity, suffering, and community
Connection to the wholeJesus teaches disciples about His coming suffering and about humility, care for others, correction, and forgiveness.
interpretation Jerusalem and accountability
Matthew 19:1–25:46FocusConflict, judgment, and watchfulness
Connection to the wholeThe journey to Jerusalem and temple disputes lead into warnings about judgment and the need for faithful readiness.
interpretation Death, resurrection, and commission
Matthew 26:1–28:20FocusThe crucified and risen Lord
Connection to the wholeJesus' passion and resurrection bring the narrative to the commission to teach all nations and obey His commands.
interpretation Suggested literary divisions. Headings summarize the passage; they are not part of the biblical text.