FocusGod's impartial judgment
Romans 2:9
KJVTribulation and anguish, upon every soul of man that doeth evil, of the Jew first, and also of the Gentile;
- 2:1 Therefore thou art inexcusable, O man, whosoever thou art that judgest: for wherein thou judgest another, thou condemnest thyself; for thou that judgest doest the same things.
- 2:2 But we are sure that the judgment of God is according to truth against them which commit such things.
- 2:3 And thinkest thou this, O man, that judgest them which do such things, and doest the same, that thou shalt escape the judgment of God?
- 2:4 Or despisest thou the riches of his goodness and forbearance and longsuffering; not knowing that the goodness of God leadeth thee to repentance?
- 2:5 But after thy hardness and impenitent heart treasurest up unto thyself wrath against the day of wrath and revelation of the righteous judgment of God;
- 2:6 Who will render to every man according to his deeds:
- 2:7 To them who by patient continuance in well doing seek for glory and honour and immortality, eternal life:
- 2:8 But unto them that are contentious, and do not obey the truth, but obey unrighteousness, indignation and wrath,
- 2:9 Tribulation and anguish, upon every soul of man that doeth evil, of the Jew first, and also of the Gentile;
- 2:10 But glory, honour, and peace, to every man that worketh good, to the Jew first, and also to the Gentile:
- 2:11 For there is no respect of persons with God.
- 2:12 For as many as have sinned without law shall also perish without law: and as many as have sinned in the law shall be judged by the law;
- 2:13 (For not the hearers of the law are just before God, but the doers of the law shall be justified.
- 2:14 For when the Gentiles, which have not the law, do by nature the things contained in the law, these, having not the law, are a law unto themselves:
- 2:15 Which shew the work of the law written in their hearts, their conscience also bearing witness, and their thoughts the mean while accusing or else excusing one another;)
- 2:16 In the day when God shall judge the secrets of men by Jesus Christ according to my gospel.
- 2:17 Behold, thou art called a Jew, and restest in the law, and makest thy boast of God,
- 2:18 And knowest his will, and approvest the things that are more excellent, being instructed out of the law;
- 2:19 And art confident that thou thyself art a guide of the blind, a light of them which are in darkness,
- 2:20 An instructor of the foolish, a teacher of babes, which hast the form of knowledge and of the truth in the law.
- 2:21 Thou therefore which teachest another, teachest thou not thyself? thou that preachest a man should not steal, dost thou steal?
- 2:22 Thou that sayest a man should not commit adultery, dost thou commit adultery? thou that abhorrest idols, dost thou commit sacrilege?
- 2:23 Thou that makest thy boast of the law, through breaking the law dishonourest thou God?
- 2:24 For the name of God is blasphemed among the Gentiles through you, as it is written.
- 2:25 For circumcision verily profiteth, if thou keep the law: but if thou be a breaker of the law, thy circumcision is made uncircumcision.
- 2:26 Therefore if the uncircumcision keep the righteousness of the law, shall not his uncircumcision be counted for circumcision?
- 2:27 And shall not uncircumcision which is by nature, if it fulfil the law, judge thee, who by the letter and circumcision dost transgress the law?
- 2:28 For he is not a Jew, which is one outwardly; neither is that circumcision, which is outward in the flesh:
- 2:29 But he is a Jew, which is one inwardly; and circumcision is that of the heart, in the spirit, and not in the letter; whose praise is not of men, but of God.
Who
- Who wrote the book? Paul the apostle wrote Romans, using Tertius as the scribe who put the letter into writing. Biblical references: Romans 1:1; Romans 16:22. stated in the text
- Who was present or being addressed in this passage? In the surrounding chapter context (Romans 1:1–3:31): Paul addresses the believers in Rome about the accountability of Jews and Gentiles before God. His challenges to a judging person or one called a Jew are rhetorical addresses within the letter. stated in the text
- Who was the book written to? The believers in Rome, called saints: a church including Gentile and Jewish believers. Paul specifically addresses Gentiles, speaks to those who know the law, and assumes Christian baptism and life in the Spirit; he is not addressing an undifferentiated modern public. Biblical references: Romans 1:7; Romans 6:3; Romans 7:1; Romans 8:9; Romans 11:13. stated in the text
What
- What is the main event or theme? The main theme is the impartial judgment of God, where tribulation and anguish are appointed for every person, both Jew and Gentile, who practices evil.
- What is God revealing? God is revealing that His righteous judgment will bring tribulation and anguish upon every soul of man that does evil, without distinction between Jew and Gentile, demonstrating that He has no respect of persons.
- What is the literary style? Epistle.
When
- When was it written? Circa A.D. 57.
- When does the event take place? The judgment described refers to a future "day of wrath and revelation of the righteous judgment of God," when God "shall judge the secrets of men by Jesus Christ."
Where
- Where did it happen? The judgment described is universal, applying to all humanity, and is not tied to a specific earthly location.
- Where was the author located? Corinth.
- Where does the context start? This passage sits in God's Impartial Judgment of Jew and Gentile (Romans 2:1 to Romans 2:29). Start reading at Romans 2:1. The passage begins at the start of the chapter and continues through the end of the chapter, forming a complete discourse on God's righteous and impartial judgment.
How
- How does it fit the broader context? This verse is part of Paul's argument that all humanity, both Jew and Gentile, is accountable to God and will be judged according to their deeds. It contrasts the negative consequences of doing evil (tribulation and anguish) with the positive consequences of doing good (glory, honour, and peace) mentioned in the following verse, emphasizing God's impartiality in judgment. stated in the text
- How does it point to Christ? The broader passage reveals that God "shall judge the secrets of men by Jesus Christ according to my gospel." This indicates that Christ is the agent through whom God's righteous judgment, including the tribulation and anguish for those who do evil, will be executed. stated in the text
- How do I apply it today? This passage serves as a solemn warning that God's judgment is real, universal, and impartial. It calls individuals to examine their lives, repent of evil deeds, and pursue righteousness, understanding that God will render to every person according to their actions, regardless of their background or status. interpretation
Cited: Romans 2:9, Romans 2:1, Romans 2:5, Romans 2:10, Romans 2:11, Romans 2:16
Who wrote it, and how we know
Related passages
- Tribulation Prov 1:27-28 2 Thess 1:6
- soul Ezek 18:4 Matt 16:26
- of the Jew Rom 2:10 Rom 1:16 Rom 3:29-30 Rom 4:9-12 Rom 9:24 Rom 10:12 Rom 15:8-9 Amos 3:2
Cross references from CrossReferences-org (CC BY 4.0).
Macro-Structure
See how this passage fits the chapter and the book.
Romans 2
Romans 1:1 Romans 1:7 Romans 6:3 Romans 6:4 Romans 8:9
The law and circumcision
Romans 2:17–29FocusProfession and inward reality
Suggested literary divisions. Headings summarize the passage; they are not part of the biblical text.
Romans
Romans 1:7 Romans 6:3 Romans 6:4
Opening and theme
Romans 1:1–17FocusThe gospel and faith
FocusSin and accountability
God’s provision in Christ
Romans 3:21–5:21FocusFaith, grace, and reconciliation
Newness of life
Romans 6:1–8:39FocusBaptism, service, and life in the Spirit
Israel and the Gentiles
Romans 9:1–11:36FocusPromise, faith, and mercy
Living out God’s mercies
Romans 12:1–15:13FocusService, love, and mutual care
Ministry and closing
Romans 15:14–16:27FocusPlans, greetings, and final exhortation
Suggested literary divisions. Headings summarize the passage; they are not part of the biblical text.