FocusWisdom and the demand for an answer
Job 29:3
KJVWhen his candle shined upon my head, and when by his light I walked through darkness;
- 29:1 Moreover Job continued his parable, and said,
- 29:2 Oh that I were as in months past, as in the days when God preserved me;
- 29:3 When his candle shined upon my head, and when by his light I walked through darkness;
- 29:4 As I was in the days of my youth, when the secret of God was upon my tabernacle;
- 29:5 When the Almighty was yet with me, when my children were about me;
- 29:6 When I washed my steps with butter, and the rock poured me out rivers of oil;
- 29:7 When I went out to the gate through the city, when I prepared my seat in the street!
- 29:8 The young men saw me, and hid themselves: and the aged arose, and stood up.
- 29:9 The princes refrained talking, and laid their hand on their mouth.
- 29:10 The nobles held their peace, and their tongue cleaved to the roof of their mouth.
- 29:11 When the ear heard me, then it blessed me; and when the eye saw me, it gave witness to me:
- 29:12 Because I delivered the poor that cried, and the fatherless, and him that had none to help him.
- 29:13 The blessing of him that was ready to perish came upon me: and I caused the widow's heart to sing for joy.
- 29:14 I put on righteousness, and it clothed me: my judgment was as a robe and a diadem.
- 29:15 I was eyes to the blind, and feet was I to the lame.
- 29:16 I was a father to the poor: and the cause which I knew not I searched out.
- 29:17 And I brake the jaws of the wicked, and plucked the spoil out of his teeth.
- 29:18 Then I said, I shall die in my nest, and I shall multiply my days as the sand.
- 29:19 My root was spread out by the waters, and the dew lay all night upon my branch.
- 29:20 My glory was fresh in me, and my bow was renewed in my hand.
- 29:21 Unto me men gave ear, and waited, and kept silence at my counsel.
- 29:22 After my words they spake not again; and my speech dropped upon them.
- 29:23 And they waited for me as for the rain; and they opened their mouth wide as for the latter rain.
- 29:24 If I laughed on them, they believed it not; and the light of my countenance they cast not down.
- 29:25 I chose out their way, and sat chief, and dwelt as a king in the army, as one that comforteth the mourners.
- 30:1 But now they that are younger than I have me in derision, whose fathers I would have disdained to have set with the dogs of my flock.
- 30:2 Yea, whereto might the strength of their hands profit me, in whom old age was perished?
- 30:3 For want and famine they were solitary; fleeing into the wilderness in former time desolate and waste.
- 30:4 Who cut up mallows by the bushes, and juniper roots for their meat.
- 30:5 They were driven forth from among men, (they cried after them as after a thief;)
- 30:6 To dwell in the cliffs of the valleys, in caves of the earth, and in the rocks.
- 30:7 Among the bushes they brayed; under the nettles they were gathered together.
- 30:8 They were children of fools, yea, children of base men: they were viler than the earth.
- 30:9 And now am I their song, yea, I am their byword.
- 30:10 They abhor me, they flee far from me, and spare not to spit in my face.
- 30:11 Because he hath loosed my cord, and afflicted me, they have also let loose the bridle before me.
- 30:12 Upon my right hand rise the youth; they push away my feet, and they raise up against me the ways of their destruction.
- 30:13 They mar my path, they set forward my calamity, they have no helper.
- 30:14 They came upon me as a wide breaking in of waters: in the desolation they rolled themselves upon me.
- 30:15 Terrors are turned upon me: they pursue my soul as the wind: and my welfare passeth away as a cloud.
- 30:16 And now my soul is poured out upon me; the days of affliction have taken hold upon me.
- 30:17 My bones are pierced in me in the night season: and my sinews take no rest.
- 30:18 By the great force of my disease is my garment changed: it bindeth me about as the collar of my coat.
- 30:19 He hath cast me into the mire, and I am become like dust and ashes.
- 30:20 I cry unto thee, and thou dost not hear me: I stand up, and thou regardest me not.
- 30:21 Thou art become cruel to me: with thy strong hand thou opposest thyself against me.
- 30:22 Thou liftest me up to the wind; thou causest me to ride upon it, and dissolvest my substance.
- 30:23 For I know that thou wilt bring me to death, and to the house appointed for all living.
- 30:24 Howbeit he will not stretch out his hand to the grave, though they cry in his destruction.
- 30:25 Did not I weep for him that was in trouble? was not my soul grieved for the poor?
- 30:26 When I looked for good, then evil came unto me: and when I waited for light, there came darkness.
- 30:27 My bowels boiled, and rested not: the days of affliction prevented me.
- 30:28 I went mourning without the sun: I stood up, and I cried in the congregation.
- 30:29 I am a brother to dragons, and a companion to owls.
- 30:30 My skin is black upon me, and my bones are burned with heat.
- 30:31 My harp also is turned to mourning, and my organ into the voice of them that weep.
- 31:1 I made a covenant with mine eyes; why then should I think upon a maid?
- 31:2 For what portion of God is there from above? and what inheritance of the Almighty from on high?
- 31:3 Is not destruction to the wicked? and a strange punishment to the workers of iniquity?
- 31:4 Doth not he see my ways, and count all my steps?
- 31:5 If I have walked with vanity, or if my foot hath hasted to deceit;
- 31:6 Let me be weighed in an even balance that God may know mine integrity.
- 31:7 If my step hath turned out of the way, and mine heart walked after mine eyes, and if any blot hath cleaved to mine hands;
- 31:8 Then let me sow, and let another eat; yea, let my offspring be rooted out.
- 31:9 If mine heart have been deceived by a woman, or if I have laid wait at my neighbour's door;
- 31:10 Then let my wife grind unto another, and let others bow down upon her.
- 31:11 For this is an heinous crime; yea, it is an iniquity to be punished by the judges.
- 31:12 For it is a fire that consumeth to destruction, and would root out all mine increase.
- 31:13 If I did despise the cause of my manservant or of my maidservant, when they contended with me;
- 31:14 What then shall I do when God riseth up? and when he visiteth, what shall I answer him?
- 31:15 Did not he that made me in the womb make him? and did not one fashion us in the womb?
- 31:16 If I have withheld the poor from their desire, or have caused the eyes of the widow to fail;
- 31:17 Or have eaten my morsel myself alone, and the fatherless hath not eaten thereof;
- 31:18 (For from my youth he was brought up with me, as with a father, and I have guided her from my mother's womb;)
- 31:19 If I have seen any perish for want of clothing, or any poor without covering;
- 31:20 If his loins have not blessed me, and if he were not warmed with the fleece of my sheep;
- 31:21 If I have lifted up my hand against the fatherless, when I saw my help in the gate:
- 31:22 Then let mine arm fall from my shoulder blade, and mine arm be broken from the bone.
- 31:23 For destruction from God was a terror to me, and by reason of his highness I could not endure.
- 31:24 If I have made gold my hope, or have said to the fine gold, Thou art my confidence;
- 31:25 If I rejoiced because my wealth was great, and because mine hand had gotten much;
- 31:26 If I beheld the sun when it shined, or the moon walking in brightness;
- 31:27 And my heart hath been secretly enticed, or my mouth hath kissed my hand:
- 31:28 This also were an iniquity to be punished by the judge: for I should have denied the God that is above.
- 31:29 If I rejoiced at the destruction of him that hated me, or lifted up myself when evil found him:
- 31:30 Neither have I suffered my mouth to sin by wishing a curse to his soul.
- 31:31 If the men of my tabernacle said not, Oh that we had of his flesh! we cannot be satisfied.
- 31:32 The stranger did not lodge in the street: but I opened my doors to the traveller.
- 31:33 If I covered my transgressions as Adam, by hiding mine iniquity in my bosom:
- 31:34 Did I fear a great multitude, or did the contempt of families terrify me, that I kept silence, and went not out of the door?
- 31:35 Oh that one would hear me! behold, my desire is, that the Almighty would answer me, and that mine adversary had written a book.
- 31:36 Surely I would take it upon my shoulder, and bind it as a crown to me.
- 31:37 I would declare unto him the number of my steps; as a prince would I go near unto him.
- 31:38 If my land cry against me, or that the furrows likewise thereof complain;
- 31:39 If I have eaten the fruits thereof without money, or have caused the owners thereof to lose their life:
- 31:40 Let thistles grow instead of wheat, and cockle instead of barley. The words of Job are ended.
Who
- Who wrote the book? The author is unknown. Moses is one ancient traditional proposal, but neither that proposal nor another named author can be established with confidence. Historical source: Babylonian Talmud, Bava Batra 14b–15a (record of Jewish attribution, not contemporary proof). book background
- Who was present or being addressed in this passage? In the surrounding chapter context (Job 26:1–31:40): Job continues his reply, reflection, and final defense before the hearers of the dispute. The wisdom poem and remembered events are not separate gatherings of every person they mention. stated in the text
- Who was the book written to? Readers within Israel's wisdom tradition, wrestling with innocent suffering, justice, and the limits of human judgment. No named individual or first community is identified. Biblical references: Job 28:28; Job 42:7. book background
What
- What is the main event or theme? The main theme of Job 29:3, within Job's monologue, is his lamenting recollection of a past time when God's favor and guidance illuminated his life, enabling him to navigate through difficulties and darkness with divine light and preservation.
- What is God revealing? God is revealing His past active presence and guidance in Job's life, symbolized by a 'candle' shining upon his head and 'light' by which he walked through darkness. This highlights God's role as a source of illumination, protection, and direction for His people.
- What is the literary style? The literary style of the book of Job is wisdom literature, primarily expressed through Hebrew poetry, particularly in the dialogues and monologues like this one.
When
- When was it written? The exact time when the book of Job was written is uncertain. book background
- When does the event take place? The events described in the book of Job occur during the Patriarchal period. book background
Where
- Where did it happen? Job is recalling events from his life in his community, where he held a position of respect and influence, likely in the land of Uz (Job 1:1). stated in the text
- Where was the author located? The location where the author of Job was situated when writing is uncertain. book background
- Where does the context start? This passage sits in Job's Final Monologue: Recalling Past Blessings (Job 29:1 to Job 31:40). Start reading at Job 29:1. Job 29:3 is part of Job's extended final monologue, which begins at Job 29:1 and continues through chapter 31. This section serves as Job's concluding defense and lament, contrasting his former blessed state with his current suffering.
How
- How does it fit the broader context? Job 29:3 is part of Job's final monologue (chapters 29-31), where he contrasts his former blessed and prosperous state, characterized by God's favor and public respect, with his current suffering and humiliation. This verse specifically highlights the divine guidance and protection he enjoyed in the past, setting the stage for his subsequent lament over his present condition and his defense of his righteousness. interpretation
- How does it point to Christ? Job's experience of God's 'candle' and 'light' guiding him through darkness foreshadows Christ, who is the true Light of the world. Jesus declared, 'I am the light of the world: he that followeth me shall not walk in darkness, but shall have the light of life' (John 8:12). Just as God illuminated Job's path, Christ provides spiritual light and guidance, enabling believers to walk through the darkness of sin and confusion into truth and life. interpretation
- How do I apply it today? This passage reminds believers that God is the source of light and guidance, even in the darkest times. When facing difficulties or uncertainty, we can look back on God's past faithfulness in our lives and trust that He will continue to illuminate our path. It encourages us to seek God's wisdom and direction, knowing that His light enables us to navigate through life's challenges. interpretation
Cited: Job 29:1, Job 29:2, Job 29:3, Job 29:4, Job 29:5, Job 29:6, Job 29:7, Job 29:8, Job 29:9, Job 29:10, Job 29:11, Job 29:12, Job 29:13, Job 29:14, Job 29:15, Job 29:16, Job 29:17, Job 29:18, Job 29:19, Job 29:20, Job 29:21, Job 29:22, Job 29:23, Job 29:24, Job 29:25, John 8:12
Who wrote it, and how we know
Related passages
- candle Job 18:6 Job 21:17 Ps 18:28 Prov 13:9 Prov 20:20 Prov 24:20
- by his light Job 22:28 Ps 4:6 Ps 23:4 Ps 27:1 Ps 84:11 Isa 2:4 John 8:12 John 12:46
Cross references from CrossReferences-org (CC BY 4.0).
Macro-Structure
See how this passage fits the chapter and the book.
Macro-Structure of Job 29
Suggested literary divisions. Headings summarize the passage; they are not part of the biblical text.
Macro-Structure of Job
Job's losses and the friends' arrival
Job 1:1–2:13FocusSuffering and the opening test
The lament and first exchange
Job 3:1–14:22FocusSuffering questioned and explained
The second exchange
Job 15:1–21:34FocusAccusation and protest intensify
FocusWisdom and the demand for an answer
Elihu speaks
Job 32:1–37:24FocusClaims about God's justice and instruction
The LORD answers
Job 38:1–41:34FocusCreation and the limits of human knowledge
Job's response and the conclusion
Job 42:1–17FocusRepentance, rebuke, and restoration
Suggested literary divisions. Headings summarize the passage; they are not part of the biblical text.